Lateral Intraventricular Tumor-Case Report And Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Tumors of the lateral ventricle comprise between 0.8% and 1.6% of all brain tumors and occur more commonly in children. History and Physical Examination: 18-year-old African female admitted with complaints of headaches, vomiting and unsteady gait. On presentation she was alert and oriented. Cranial nerves intact. No cutaneous manifestations. Imaging MRI showed a large heterogeneous mass at the body of the lateral ventricles bilaterally covering the region foramen of Monro and abutting on the thalamus. Operation: Bicoronal incision done. Interhemispheric transcallosal approach used on the left side of the falx.  corpus callosotomy and tumor resection done. Discussion: Lateral ventricle tumors comprise between 0.8% and 1.6% of all brain tumors. Symptoms and signs are papilledema (42.9%), headache (35.7%), motor disturbance (25%), sensory disturbance (25%), vomiting (22.3%), visual field deficit (17.8%). Tumors were located throughout the lateral ventricles with the following distribution: frontal horn and foramen of Monro (42.8%), body and septum pellucidum (22.3%), atrium or trigone (19.7%), temporal horn (8.9%), and occipital horn (6.3%). Diagnosis of lateral ventricular tumors varies depending on age and tumor location. Surgical approaches: The choice of approach depends on 1) location of the tumor within the ventricle 2) presence of hydrocephalus 3) whether the hemisphere involved is dominant 4) size of the tumor. Approaches include temporal, occipital, anterior frontal, posterior fronto-temporal, anterior and posterior transcortical and anterior and posterior transcallosal.  Complications: Include visual field deficits (20%– 64%), hemiparesis (8%–30%), speech deficit (8%–36%).